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Barnard, Henry

(Encyclopedia) Barnard, Henry, 1811–1900, American educator, b. Hartford, Conn., grad. Yale, 1830. He studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1835. As a member (1837–39) of the Connecticut…

XYZ Affair

(Encyclopedia) XYZ Affair, name usually given to an incident (1797–98) in Franco-American diplomatic relations. The United States had in 1778 entered into an alliance with France, but after the…

European Commission

(Encyclopedia) European Commission (EC), institution of the European Union (EU) invested with executive powers; it also is the main EU institution that initiates legislation. Located in Brussels,…

Wilkes, Charles

(Encyclopedia) Wilkes, Charles, 1798–1877, American naval officer and explorer, b. New York City, educated by his father. In 1815 he entered the merchant service and received (1818) an appointment as…

Sumner, Charles

(Encyclopedia) Sumner, Charles, 1811–74, U.S. senator from Massachusetts (1851–74), b. Boston. He attended (1831–33) and was later a lecturer at Harvard law school, was admitted (1834) to the bar,…

Toussaint Louverture, François Dominique

(Encyclopedia) Toussaint Louverture or L'Ouverture, François DominiqueToussaint Louverture or L'Ouverture, François DominiquefräNswäˈ dômēnēkˈ t&oomacr;săNˈ l&oomacr;vĕrtürˈ [key], c.1744–…

Jay, John

(Encyclopedia) Jay, John, 1745–1829, American statesman, 1st chief justice of the United States, b. New York City, grad. King's College (now Columbia Univ.), 1764. He was admitted (1768) to the bar…

Treaty of Ghent: Article the Fourth

Article the ThirdArticle the FifthArticle the Fourth Whereas it was stipulated by the second Article in the Treaty of Peace of one thousand seven hundred and eighty three between His…

Treaty of Ghent: Article the Eighth

Article the SeventhArticle the NinthArticle the Eighth The several Boards of two Commissioners mentioned in the four preceding Articles shall respectively have power to appoint a Secretary…

Antonio FERNÓS-ISERN, Congress, PR (1895-1974)

FERNÓS-ISERN Antonio , a Resident Commissioner from Puerto Rico; born in San Lorenzo, P.R., May 10, 1895; attended elementary and high schools in Puerto Rico and Pennsylvania State Normal School,…