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Brookings, Robert Somers

(Encyclopedia) Brookings, Robert Somers, 1850–1932, American businessman and philanthropist, b. Cecil co., Md. He earned a fortune in business in St. Louis, Mo., and retired in 1897 to devote himself…

Bernanke, Ben Shalom

(Encyclopedia) Bernanke, Ben ShalomBernanke, Ben Shalombĕrnăngkˈē [key], 1953–, U.S. economist and government official, b. Augusta, Ga.; grad. Harvard (B.A., 1975), Massachusetts Institute of…

Sulzberger, Arthur Hays

(Encyclopedia) Sulzberger, Arthur Hays, 1891–1968, American newspaper publisher, b. New York City. He joined the New York Times in 1918 and assisted his father-in-law, the publisher Adolph S. Ochs,…

Dawes Commission

(Encyclopedia) Dawes Commission, commission to the Five Civilized Tribes, created by the U.S. Congress in 1893 under the Dawes Act with H. L. Dawes as chairman. Its aim was the reorganization of the…

Fürst, Julius

(Encyclopedia) Fürst, JuliusFürst, Juliusy&oomacr;ˈly&oobreve;s fürst [key], 1805–73, German Orientalist. Fürst was a distinguished scholar of Semitic languages and literature of his time.…

Kalinin, Mikhail Ivanovich

(Encyclopedia) Kalinin, Mikhail IvanovichKalinin, Mikhail Ivanovichmēkhəyēlˈ ēväˈnəvĭch kəlyēˈnyĭn [key], 1875–1946, Russian revolutionary. Of peasant origin, he was active in revolutionary affairs…

Harrison, Pat

(Encyclopedia) Harrison, Pat (Byron Patton Harrison), 1881–1941, U.S. Congressman, b. Crystal Springs, Miss. A lawyer, he served as a Democrat in the U.S. House of Representatives (1911–19) and in…

Work, Hubert

(Encyclopedia) Work, Hubert, 1860–1942, American cabinet officer, b. Marion Center, Pa. A practicing physician in Colorado, he became prominent in state and then in national Republican politics. He…

Clapp, Verner

(Encyclopedia) Clapp, Verner, 1901–72, American librarian, b. Johannesburg, South Africa. After studying philosophy at Harvard, Clapp worked for the Library of Congress (1922–56), becoming chief…