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Becher, Johannes Robert

(Encyclopedia) Becher, Johannes RobertBecher, Johannes Robertyōhänˈəs rōˈbĕrt bĕkhˈər [key], 1891–1958, German poet and essayist. After an early association with the Expressionist movement, Becher…

Hofmannsthal, Hugo von

(Encyclopedia) Hofmannsthal, Hugo vonHofmannsthal, Hugo vonh&oomacr;ˈgō fən hōfˈmänstäl [key], 1874–1929, Austrian dramatist and poet. His first verses were published when he was 16 years old,…

Müller, Herta

(Encyclopedia) Müller, Herta, 1953–, Romanian-born German author, grad. Timişoara Univ. (1976). A member of Romania's German-speaking minority, she was active in a group of dissident writers who…

Bierce, Ambrose Gwinett

(Encyclopedia) Bierce, Ambrose GwinettBierce, Ambrose Gwinettămˈbrōz gwĭnĕtˈ bĭrs [key], 1842–1914?, American satirist, journalist, and short-story writer, b. Meigs co., Ohio. He fought with extreme…

Havel, Václav

(Encyclopedia) Havel, VáclavHavel, Václavvätsˈläv hävĕl [key], 1936–2011, Czech dramatist and essayist, president of Czechoslovakia (1989–92) and the Czech Republic (1993–2003). The most original…

Gordimer, Nadine

(Encyclopedia) Gordimer, NadineGordimer, Nadinenādēnˈ gôrˈdəmər [key], 1923–2014, South African writer, b. Springs. A member of the African National Congress, Gordimer fought apartheid in her…

Snyder, Gary

(Encyclopedia) Snyder, Gary, 1930–, American poet, b. San Francisco. Associated with the beat generation of the 1950s, he lived (1956–68) in Japan, where he trained as a Zen monk. His poetry,…

Baudrillard, Jean

(Encyclopedia) Baudrillard, Jean, 1929–2007, French social theorist and cultural critic. Trained as a sociologist, he taught at the Univ. of Paris X, Nanterre, from 1966 to 1987 and was a prolific…

Forster, E. M.

(Encyclopedia) Forster, E. M. (Edward Morgan Forster), 1879–1970, English author, one of the most important British novelists of the 20th cent. After graduating from Cambridge, Forster lived in Italy…

The Text of Sun Tzu

Sun Wu and his Book The Commentators The Text of Sun Tzu I have found it difficult to glean much about the history of Sun Tzu's text. The quotations that occur in early authors go to show that…