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howitzer

(Encyclopedia) howitzer: see artillery.

siege

(Encyclopedia) siege, assault against a city or fortress with the purpose of capturing it. The history of siegecraft parallels the development of fortification and, later, artillery. In early times…

Malus, Étienne Louis

(Encyclopedia) Malus, Étienne LouisMalus, Étienne Louisātyĕnˈ lwē mälüsˈ [key], 1775–1812, French artillery officer and physicist. In 1810 he stated his discovery of the polarization of light by…

Fort Bragg

(Encyclopedia) Fort Bragg, U.S. army base, 11,136 acres (4,507 hectares), E N.C., N of Fayetteville; est. 1918. Originally an artillery post, it is now the principal U.S. army airborne-training…

fortification

(Encyclopedia) fortification, system of defense structures for protection from enemy attacks. Fortification developed along two general lines: permanent sites built in peacetime, and emplacements and…

Torstensson, Lennart

(Encyclopedia) Torstensson, LennartTorstensson, Lennartlĕnˈnärt tōrˈstənsōn [key], 1603–51, Swedish general in the Thirty Years War. He was one of the generals trained by Gustavus II in the new…

gun

(Encyclopedia) gun, in general, any weapon that discharges shot, shells, or bullets by the explosion of gunpowder or some other explosive from a straight tube. See firearm; artillery; small arms.

Gibson, Randall Lee

(Encyclopedia) Gibson, Randall Lee, 1832–92, Confederate general and U.S. legislator, b. Woodford co., Ky. Gibson served in most of the Western campaigns of the Civil War, first as an artillery…

Belidor, Bernard Forest de

(Encyclopedia) Belidor, Bernard Forest deBelidor, Bernard Forest debĕrnärˈ fôrĕˈ də bālēdôrˈ [key], 1693–1761, French engineer. He wrote numerous books dealing with mathematics, artillery, and…

Shrapnel, Henry

(Encyclopedia) Shrapnel, HenryShrapnel, Henryshrăpˈnəl [key], 1761–1842, British general, inventor of the shrapnel shell. The shell, consisting of a steel case filled with bullets and an explosive…