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Agostini v. Felton (1997)

Case SummaryA federal district court and Court of Appeals ruled against New York City, stating that the city could not have public school teachers provide supplemental instruction to…

Flast v. Cohen (1968)

Case SummaryA federal court ruled that Flast and the other plaintiffs did not have standing as taxpayers to challenge the use of federal funds for religious schools. “Standing“ is a legal…

Goldberg v. Kelly (1970)

Case SummaryJohn Kelly and others sued when State and local officials terminated their welfare benefits without having given them prior notice and an opportunity to be heard. The plaintiffs…

Hutchinson v. Proxmire (1979)

Case SummaryProfessor Ronald Hutchinson sued Senator William Proxmire for defamation after the Senator gave a “Golden Fleece“ award to the agencies that funded the professor's research.The…

Illinois v. Wardlow (2000)

Case SummaryAt his trial for unlawful possession of a weapon, William Wardlow argued that the police did not have grounds to stop him. The trial court rejected this argument and he was…

Korematsu v. United States (1944)

Case SummaryFred Korematsu refused to obey the wartime order to leave his home and report to a relocation camp for Japanese Americans. He was arrested and convicted. After losing in the Court…

Nixon v. Fitzgerald (1982)

Case SummaryA. Ernest Fitzgerald claimed that he lost his employment with the Air Force because he gave testimony before Congress that was critical of his employer. He tried to add President…