Brewer's: Indian Red

Red haematite (peroxide of iron), found abundantly in the Forest of Dean, Gloucestershire. It is of a deep, lakey hue, used for flesh tints.

The Persian Red, which is of a darker hue with a sparkling lustre, is imported from the island of Ormuz in the Persian Gulf.

The Romans obtained this pigment from the island of Elba. “Insulain exhaustis chalybum generosa metallis.” (Ovid.)

Source: Dictionary of Phrase and Fable, E. Cobham Brewer, 1894
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