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1975
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World Events
- Pol Pot and Khmer Rouge take over Cambodia (April).
- The city of Saigon is surrendered and remaining Americans are evacuated, ending the Vietnam War (April 30).
- American merchant ship Mayaguez, seized by Cambodian forces, is rescued in operation by US Navy and Marines, 38 of whom are killed (May 15).
- Apollo and
Soyuz
spacecraft take off for US-Soviet link-up in space (July 15).
U.S. Events
Economics
US GDP (1998 dollars): $1,630.60 billion
Federal spending: $332.33 billion
Federal debt: $541.9 billion
Median Household Income
(current dollars): $11,800
Consumer Price Index: 53.8
Unemployment: 8.5%
Cost of a first-class stamp: $0.10 ($0.13 as of 12/31/75)
Sports
Super BowlPittsburgh d. Minnesota (16-6)World SeriesCincinnati d. Boston Red Sox (4-3)NBA ChampionshipGolden St. Warriors d. Washington Bullets (4-0)Stanley CupPhiladelphia d. Buffalo (4-2)WimbledonWomen: Billie Jean King d. E. Cawley (6-0 6-1)
Men: Arthur Ashe d. J. Connors (6-1 6-1 5-7 6-4)Kentucky Derby ChampionFoolish PleasureNCAA Basketball ChampionshipUCLA d. Kentucky (92-85)NCAA Football ChampionsOklahoma (11-1-0)
Entertainment
Entertainment Awards
Pulitzer Prizes
Fiction: The Killer Angels, Michael Shaara
Music: From the Diary of Virginia Woolf, Dominick Argento
Drama: Seascape, Edward Albee Oscars awarded in 1975
Academy Award, Best Picture: The Godfather Part II, Francis Ford Coppola, producer; Gray Frederickson and Fred Roos, co-producers (Paramount) Nobel Prize for Literature: Eugenio Montale (Italy) 1975 Emmy Awards 1975 Tony Awards Grammys awarded in 1975
Record of the Year: "I Honestly Love You," Olivia Newton-John
Album of the Year: Fulfillingness' First Finale, Stevie Wonder (Tamla/Motown)
Song of the Year: "The Way We Were," Marilyn and Alan Bergman and Marvin Hamlisch, songwriters Miss America: Shirley Cothran (TX) More Entertainment Awards...
Events- ABC, CBS and NBC agree to create a "family hour," an early evening time slot that is free of violence and sex.
- Saturday Night Live premieres on NBC. George Carlin hosts the first show.
- One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest sweeps the top Oscars, winning Best Picture, Director, Actor, and Actress.
Movies- One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest, Jaws, Nashville, Dog Day Afternoon, Barry Lyndon
Books
Science
Nobel Prizes in Science
Chemistry: John W. Cornforth (Australia) and Vladimir Prelog (Switzerland), for research on structure of biological molecules such as antibiotics and cholesterol Physics: James Rainwater (US), Ben Mottelson, and Aage N. Bohr (both Denmark), for showing that the atomic nucleus is asymmetrical Physiology or Medicine: David Baltimore, Howard M. Temin, and Renato Dulbecco (all US), for work in interaction between tumor viruses and genetic material of the cell
- Home videotape systems (VCRs) are developed in Japan by Sony (Betamax) and Matsushita (VHS).
- The Altair home computer kit allows consumers to build and program their own personal computers. Background: Computers and Internet
Deaths
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