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American Music Timeline
Part IV: The Twenties
by David Johnson
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| Circa 1920 |
- West 28th St. in New York City becomes center of popular music industry, through 1950s, known as "Tin Pan Alley," also style of sentimental popular songs
- Singers Gertrude "Ma" Rainey, Bessie Smith popularize blues; Beale Street in Memphis becomes blues center
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| Early 1920s |
- Chicago becomes jazz capital, trumpeter Louis Armstrong, pianist Jelly Roll Morton perform
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| 1922 |
- Jazz musician Duke Ellington moves to New York, forms band that ultimately becomes Duke Ellington Orchestra
- Country fiddlers Henry Gilliand, Eck Robertson make records, as music companies search for "old-time music"
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| 1924 |
- Juilliard School for performing arts opens in New York
- George Gershwin composes Rhapsody in Blue, symphonic jazz composition; Porgy and Bess, folk opera, 1935; becomes one of most original and popular American composers
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| 1925 |
- Grand Ole Opry, Nashville, Tennessee, begins Saturday night radio broadcasts featuring regional music, helps fuse Southeastern and Western styles, creating country and western genre
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| 1927 |
- Show Boat, music by Jerome Kern, lyrics by Oscar Hammerstein, based on Edna Ferber's novel, becomes first hugely popular musical comedy
- Duke Ellington performs for radio from Cotton Club, nightclub in New York City's Harlem, wins national following; 1932 song "It Don't Mean a Thing If It Ain't Got That Swing" ushers in swing
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| 1928 |
- N.Y. Symphony Orchestra merges with Philharmonic Society of N.Y. to form New York Philharmonic-Symphony Orchestra
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Next: Popular music, jazz, and the blues
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