Displacement Rates of Long-Tenured Workers in the U.S. by Age, Sex, Race, and Hispanic Origin, 1981–2000

The following table shows the rate that long-tenured workers in the United States permanently lost jobs they held for three or more years.Rates are given by age, sex, and race for the years 1981 to 2000.

Characteristic	1981– 1982	1983– 1984	1985– 1986	1987– 1988	1989– 1990	1991– 1992	1993– 1994	1995– 1996	1997– 1998	1999– 2000
Total
Total, 20 years and older	3.9	3.1	3.1	2.4	3.1	3.9	3.3	2.9	2.5	2.5
20 to 24 years	4.0	2.0	1.8	2.0	2.2	2.0	2.5	1.9	1.7	1.7
25 to 54 years	4.0	3.3	3.3	2.5	3.1	3.9	3.4	2.9	2.3	2.5
25 to 34 years	5.0	3.9	3.5	2.5	3.1	3.9	3.5	2.9	2.2	2.3
35 to 44 years	3.8	3.1	3.3	2.7	3.2	4.0	3.4	3.0	2.4	2.5
45 to 54 years	3.0	2.6	3.0	2.2	3.1	3.9	3.4	3.0	2.4	2.6
55 years and older	3.6	3.1	2.9	2.2	3.1	4.4	3.1	3.3	3.1	2.6
55 to 64 years	3.8	3.1	3.0	2.3	3.3	4.5	3.0	3.3	3.2	2.7
65 years and older	3.2	2.9	2.3	1.9	2.4	3.8	3.2	3.5	2.9	2.1
Men, 20 years and older	4.3	3.2	3.3	2.4	3.2	4.1	3.4	2.8	2.4	2.4
Women, 20 years and older	3.4	2.9	2.8	2.4	2.8	3.5	3.2	3.2	2.5	2.6
White
Total, 20 years and older	3.8	3.1	3.1	2.4	3.0	3.8	3.3	3.0	2.5	2.5
Men	4.2	3.2	3.3	2.4	3.2	4.1	3.4	2.8	2.4	2.4
Women	3.3	2.9	2.8	2.4	2.8	3.4	3.2	3.2	2.6	2.6
Black
Total, 20 years and older	4.8	3.9	3.4	2.0	3.5	3.8	3.5	2.7	2.3	3.0
Men	5.3	4.0	4.1	1.6	3.9	3.9	4.2	2.6	2.6	3.1
Women	4.3	3.8	2.6	2.4	3.2	3.7	2.9	2.8	2.0	2.9
Hispanic origin
Total, 20 years and older	4.3	3.9	3.9	2.9	4.3	4.7	3.6	4.0	3.1	2.0
Men	4.3	3.9	4.1	2.6	4.1	5.2	3.9	3.2	2.7	1.2
Women	4.4	3.8	3.5	3.3	4.7	3.8	3.1	5.3	3.7	3.4