Mozambique

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National name: República de Moçambique

Current government officials

Languages: Emakhuwa 25.3%, Portuguese (official) 10.7%, Xichangana 10.3%, Cisena 7.5%, Elomwe 7%, Echuwabo 5.1%, other Mozambican languages 30.1%, other 4% (1997 census)

Ethnicity/race: African 99.66% (Makhuwa, Tsonga, Lomwe, Sena, and others), Europeans 0.06%, Euro-Africans 0.2%, Indians 0.08%

Religions: Catholic 28.4%, Protestant 27.7% (Zionist Christian 15.5%, Evangelical Pentecostal 10.9%, Anglican 1.3%), Muslim 17.9%, other 7.2%, none 18.7% (1997 census)

National Holiday: Independence Day, June 25

Literacy rate: 56.1% (2010 est.)

Economic summary: GDP/PPP (2012 est.): $26.22 billion; per capita $1,200. Real growth rate: 7.5%. Inflation: 3.5%. Unemployment: 21% (1997 est.). Arable land: 5.43%. Agriculture: cotton, cashew nuts, sugarcane, tea, cassava (tapioca), corn, coconuts, sisal, citrus and tropical fruits, potatoes, sunflowers; beef, poultry. Labor force: 10.1 million (2012 est.); agriculture 81%, industry 6%, services 13% (1997 est.). Industries: aluminum, petroleum products, chemicals (fertilizer, soap, paints), textiles, cement, glass, asbestos, tobacco, food, beverages. Natural resources: coal, titanium, natural gas, hydropower, tantalum, graphite. Exports: $3.516 billion (2012 est.): aluminum, prawns, cashews, cotton, sugar, citrus, timber; bulk electricity. Imports: $5.373 billion (2012 est.): machinery and equipment, vehicles, fuel, chemicals, metal products, foodstuffs, textiles. Major trading partners: Belgium, South Africa, Italy, Spain, China, India, U.S., Australia, Portugal (2011).

Communications: Telephones: main lines in use: 88,100 (2011); mobile cellular: 7.855 million (2011). Broadcast media: 1 state-run TV station supplemented by private TV station; Portuguese state TV's African service, RTP Africa, and Brazilian-owned TV Miramar are available; state-run radio provides nearly 100% territorial coverage and broadcasts in multiple languages; a number of privately-owned and community-operated stations; transmissions of multiple international broadcasters are available (2007). Internet Service Providers (ISPs): 89,737 (2012). Internet users: 613,600 (2009).

Transportation: Railways: total: 4,787 km (2008). Highways: total: 30,331 km; paved: 6,303 km; unpaved: 24,028 km (2000 est.). Waterways: 460 km (Zambezi River navigable to Tete and along Cahora Bassa Lake) (2010). Ports and terminals: Beira, Maputo, Nacala. Airports: 100 (2012).

International disputes: none.

Major sources and definitions