Mongolia

Index

More Facts & Figures

National name: Mongol Uls

Current government officials

Languages: Mongolian, 90%; also Turkic and Russian (1999)

Ethnicity/race: Mongol (predominantly Khalkha) 94.9%, Turkic (of which Kazak is the largest group) 5%, other (including Chinese and Russian) 0.1% (2000)

Religions: Buddhist Lamaist 50%, Islam 4%, Shamanism and Christian 4%, none 40% (2004)

National Holiday: Independence Day/Revolution Day, July 11

Literacy rate: 99% (2003 est.)

Economic summary: GDP/PPP (2009 est.): $9.45 billion; per capita $3,200. Real growth rate: –1.6%. Inflation: 4.2%. Unemployment: 2.8%. Arable land: 1%. Agriculture: wheat, barley, vegetables, forage crops; sheep, goats, cattle, camels, horses. Labor force: 1.042 million; agriculture 39.9%, industry 11.7%, services 49.4%, (2006). Industries: construction and construction materials; mining (coal, copper, molybdenum, fluorspar, tin, tungsten, and gold); oil; food and beverages; processing of animal products, cashmere and natural fiber manufacturing. Natural resources: oil, coal, copper, molybdenum, tungsten, phosphates, tin, nickel, zinc, wolfram, fluorspar, gold, silver, iron, phosphate. Exports: $1.902 billion (2009 est.): copper, apparel, livestock, animal products, cashmere, wool, hides, fluorspar, other nonferrous metals. Imports: $2.131 (2009 est.): machinery and equipment, fuel, cars, food products, industrial consumer goods, chemicals, building materials, sugar, tea. Major trading partners: China, U.S., Canada, Russia (2006).

Communications: Telephones: main lines in use: 158,900 (2006); mobile cellular: 775,300 (2006). Radio broadcast stations: AM 7, FM 115 (includes 20 National radio broadcaster repeaters), shortwave 4 (2006). Radios: 155,900 (1999). Television broadcast stations: 456 (including provincial and low-power repeaters) (2006). Televisions: 168,800 (1999). Internet Service Providers (ISPs): 298 (2007). Internet users: 268,300 (2005).

Transportation: Railways: total: 49,250 km (2006). Highways: total: 49,250 km; paved: 1,724 km; unpaved: 47,526 km (2002). Ports and harbors: none. Airports: 44 (2007).

International disputes: none.

Major sources and definitions