Iraq

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Index Iraq Main Page Iraq Gains Independence Rise of the Baath Party Saddam Hussein's Ascendancy Brings Series of Wars The UN Steps In With Sanctions and Weapons Inspections The U.S. Launches War in Iraq With No Evidence of Weapons in Iraq, Bush Calls Iraq the Focal Point of War on Terror War Does Little to Improve Infrastructure or Security in Iraq Insurgency Gathers Steam Iraqi Leadership Struggles in Effort to Form a Government U.S. Strategy Under Fire President Bush Hopes Surge of U.S. Troops Will Change Course of War Iraqi Parliament Gets Down to Business Iraqi Government Shows Signs of Stability U.S. Role Diminishes in Iraq Political Veterans Fare Well in Parliamentary Elections War in Iraq Is Officially Over Political Unrest and Violence Continue in 2012

The UN Steps In With Sanctions and Weapons Inspections

Beginning in 1990, the UN Security Council imposed sanctions that barred Iraq from selling oil except in exchange for food and medicine. The sanctions against Iraq failed to subdue its leader, instead causing catastrophic suffering among its people—the country's infrastructure was in ruins, and disease, malnutrition, and the infant mortality rate skyrocketed.

The UN weapons inspections team mandated to ascertain that Iraq had destroyed all its nuclear, chemical, biological, and ballistic arms after the war was continually thwarted by Saddam Hussein. In Nov. 1997, he expelled the American members of the UN inspections team, a standoff that stretched on until Feb. 1998. In Aug. 1998, Hussein again put a halt to the inspections. On Dec. 16, the U.S. and Britain began Operation Desert Fox, four days of intensive air strikes. From then on, the U.S. and Britain conducted hundreds of air strikes on Iraqi targets within the no-fly zones. The sustained low-level warfare continued unabated into 2003.

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