President: Janos Ader (2012)

Prime Minister: Viktor Orban (2010)

Land area: 35,653 sq mi (92,341 sq km); total area: 35,919 sq mi (93,030 sq km)

Population (2011 est.): 9,958,453 (growth rate: –0.184%); birth rate: 9.49/1000; infant mortality rate: 5.24/1000; life expectancy: 75.02

Capital and largest city (2009 est.): Budapest, 1.705 million

Monetary unit: Forint

National name: Magyar Köztársaság

Current government officials

Languages: Magyar (Hungarian) 94%, other 6%

Ethnicity/race: Hungarian 92.3%, Roma 1.9%, other or unknown 5.8% (2001)

Religions: Roman Catholic 51.9%, Calvinist 15.9%, Lutheran 3%, Greek Catholic 2.6%, other Christian 1%, other 11.1%, unaffiliated 14.5% (2001)

National Holiday: Saint Stephen's Day, August 20

Literacy rate: 99.4% (2003 est.)

Economic summary: GDP/PPP (2011 est.): $198.1 billion; per capita $19,800 Real growth rate: 1.7%. Inflation: 3.9%. Unemployment: 10.9%. Arable land: 49.58%. Agriculture: wheat, corn, sunflower seed, potatoes, sugar beets; pigs, cattle, poultry, dairy products. Labor force: 4.274 million; agriculture 4.7%, industry 30.9%, services 64.4% (2010). Industries: mining, metallurgy, construction materials, processed foods, textiles, chemicals (especially pharmaceuticals), motor vehicles. Natural resources: bauxite, coal, natural gas, fertile soils, arable land. Exports: $103.1 billion (2011 est.): machinery and equipment 55.31%, other manufactures 30.6%, food products 7.4%, raw materials 3.2%, fuels and electricity 3.3% (2009). Imports: $93.9 billion (2011 est.): machinery and equipment 44.7%, other manufactures 41.37%, fuels and electricity 5.1%, food products, raw materials 6.7% (2011). Major trading partners: Germany, Austria, France, Italy, UK, Romania, Poland, Russia, Netherlands, China, Slovakia (2010).

Communications: Telephones: main lines in use: 2.977 million (2009); mobile cellular: 12.0125 million (2009). Broadcast media: mixed system of state-supported public service broadcast media and private broadcasters; the 3 publicly-owned TV channels and the 2 main privately-owned TV stations are the major national broadcasters; a large number of special interest channels; highly developed market for satellite and cable TV services with about two-thirds of viewers utilizing their services; 3 state-supported public-service radio networks and 2 major national commercial stations; a large number of local stations including commercial, public service, nonprofit, and community radio stations; digital transition postponed to the end of 2014 (2007). Internet hosts: 3.064 million (2010). Internet users: 6.176 million (2009).

Transportation: Railways: total: 8,057 km (2009). Roadways: total: 197,519 km; paved: 74,993 km (including 911 km of expressways); unpaved: 112,526 km (2010). Waterways: 1,622 km (most on Danube River) (2011). Ports and harbors: Budapest, Dunaujvaros, Gyor-Gonyu, Csepel, Baja, Mohacs. Airports: 41 (2012).

International disputes: bilateral government, legal, technical and economic working group negotiations continue in 2006 with Slovakia over Hungary's failure to complete its portion of the Gabcikovo-Nagymaros hydroelectric dam project along the Danube; as a member state that forms part of the EU's external border, Hungary has implemented the strict Schengen border rules.

Major sources and definitions