Cambodia

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National Name: Preahreacheanacha Kampuchea

Languages: Khmer 95% (official), French, English

Ethnicity/race: Khmer 90%, Vietnamese 5%, Chinese 1%, other 4%

National Holiday: Independence Day, November 9

Religions: Theravada Buddhist 95%, others 5%

Literacy rate: 73.6% (2011 est.)

Economic summary: GDP/PPP (2011 est.): $32.95 billion; per capita $2,300. Real growth rate: —6.7%. Inflation: 6%. Unemployment: 3.5% (2011 est.). Arable land: 21%. Agriculture: rice, rubber, corn, vegetables, cashews, tapioca. Labor force: 8.8 million (2012 est.); agriculture 75% (2004 est.). Industries: tourism, garments, rice milling, fishing, wood and wood products, rubber, cement, gem mining, textiles. Natural resources: oil and gas, timber, gemstones, some iron ore, manganese, phosphates, hydropower potential. Exports: $5.35 billion f.o.b. (2011 est.): clothing, timber, rubber, rice, fish, tobacco, footwear. Imports: $6.963 billion f.o.b. (2011 est.): petroleum products, cigarettes, gold, construction materials, machinery, motor vehicles, pharmaceutical products. Major trading partners: U.S., Germany, UK, Vietnam, Canada, Thailand, Hong Kong, China, Singapore, Taiwan (2004).

Communications: Telephones: main lines in use: 359,800 (2011); mobile cellular: 8.151 million (2011). Radio broadcast stations: AM 2, FM 17, (2003). Television broadcast stations: 9 (2006). Internet hosts: 13,768 (2011). Internet users: 78,500 (2011).

Transportation: Railways: total: 690 km (2011). Highways: total: 38,093 km; (2011). Waterways: 2,400 km (mainly on Mekong River) (2004). Ports and harbors: Phnom Penh. Airports: 17 (2011 est.).

International disputes: Southeast Asian states have enhanced border surveillance to check the spread of avian flu; Cambodia and Thailand dispute sections of boundary with missing boundary markers and Thai encroachments into Cambodian territory; maritime boundary with Vietnam is hampered by unresolved dispute over offshore islands; Cambodia accuses Thailand of obstructing access to Preah Vihear temple ruins awarded to Cambodia by ICJ decision in 1962; in 2004 Cambodian-Laotian and Laotian-Vietnamese boundary commissions reerect missing markers completing most of their demarcations.

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