Armenia

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National Name: Hayastani Hanrapetut'yun

Current government officials

Languages: Armenian 98%, Yezidi, Russian

Ethnicity/race: Armenian 97.9%, Russian 0.5%, Kurds 1.3%, other 0.3% (2001)

Religion: Armenian Apostolic 95%, other Christian 4%, Yezidi 1%

National Holiday: Independence Day, September 21

Literacy rate: 99.4% (2012 est.)

Economic summary: GDP/PPP (2011 est.): $17.95 billion; per capita $5,400. Real growth rate: 4.6%. Inflation: 7.7%. Unemployment: 5.9% (2011 est.). Arable land: 16.78%. Agriculture: fruit (especially grapes), vegetables; livestock. Labor force: 1.194 million; agriculture 46.2%, industry 15.6%, services 38.2% (2006 est). Industries: diamond processing, metal-cutting machine tools, forging-pressing machines, electric motors, tires, knitted wear, hosiery, shoes, silk fabric, chemicals, trucks, instruments, microelectronics, jewelry manufacturing, software development, food processing, brandy. Natural resources: small deposits of gold, copper, molybdenum, zinc, alumina. Exports: $1.319 billion f.o.b. (2011): diamonds, mineral products, foodstuffs, energy. Imports: $3.538 billion f.o.b. (2012 est.): natural gas, petroleum, tobacco products, foodstuffs, diamonds. Major trading partners: Russia, Ukraine, Belgium, Turkmenistan, Italy, Germany, Iran, Israel, U.S.%, Georgia (2006)

Communications: Telephones: main lines in use: 589,900 (2011); mobile cellular: 3,865,000 (2012). Radio broadcast stations: AM 9, FM 16, shortwave 1 (2006). Television broadcast stations: 48 (private television stations alongside 2 public networks; major Russian channels widely available) (2006). Internet hosts: 192,541 (2011). Internet users: 208,200 (2011).

Transportation: Railways: total: 869 km (2012). Highways: total: 8,888 km; (includes 1,561 km of expressways) (2011). Waterways: n.a. Ports and harbors: none. Airports: 11 (2011).

International disputes: Armenia supports ethnic Armenian secessionists in Nagorno-Karabakh and since the early 1990s, has militarily occupied 16% of Azerbaijan - Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) continues to mediate dispute; over 800,000 mostly ethnic Azerbaijanis were driven from the occupied lands and Armenia; about 230,000 ethnic Armenians were driven from their homes in Azerbaijan into Armenia; Azerbaijan seeks transit route through Armenia to connect to Naxcivan exclave; border with Turkey remains closed over Nagorno-Karabakh dispute; ethnic Armenian groups in Javakheti region of Georgia seek greater autonomy; Armenians continue to emigrate, primarily to Russia, seeking employment.

Major sources and definitions