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Capitalization Capitalize the following: - Proper nouns and adjectives derived from proper nouns:
| Marie Curie | China, Chinese | | Smokey Robinson | Darwin, Darwinian |
But vocabulary words derived from proper nouns are generally lowercase: | china cups | plaster of paris | | french fries | vienna sausage |
- The names of geographic divisions, regions, and localities and topographical features such as rivers, lakes, and mountains:
| North Pole | Gulf States | | Middle East | Atlantic Ocean | | Southern Hemisphere | Rocky Mountains | | the North | Lake Tahoe | | Lower East Side | Erie Canal |
Do not capitalize directions: She lives 10 miles north of Boston. - The names of nationalities, ethnic groups, tribes, and languages:
| Spanish | Bantu | | Asian American | Creole |
- Titles when preceding a name:
| President Lincoln | Aunt Mary | | Queen Victoria | Doctor Johnson | | Senator Kennedy | Professor Davies |
Do not capitalize such terms elsewhere: a biography of the queen; the senator's speech; my aunt, Mary Wilson; the president's fundraising efforts; the residence of the vice president. - Epithets: Ivan the Terrible; Lincoln is known as the Great Emancipator.
- The names of political and judicial bodies, social organizations, councils, and departments:
| U.S. Senate | Rotary Club | | Democratic Party | United Negro College Fund | | State Department | U.S. Supreme Court |
- The names for periods, events, and documents of historical importance:
| Middle Ages | Constitution | | Renaissance | Treaty of Versailles | | Battle of Waterloo | Magna Carta |
- The names for streets, buildings, and monuments:
| Fifth Avenue | World Trade Center | | Broadway | Statue of Liberty |
- The names for the supreme deity and sacred works:
| God, the Father Almighty | Bible | | Yahweh | Talmud | | Allah | Qu'ran |
- The names for religious denominations and their members:
Buddhism, Buddhists Catholicism, Catholics Judaism, Jews Methodist Church, Methodists Society of Friends, Quakers - The days of the week, months of the year, holidays, and holy days:
| Thursday | Labor Day | | December | Passover |
- The pronoun I:
I told her I didn't want to go. - The first word in the salutation and complimentary close of a letter:
My dear Carol… Very truly yours… - The first word of a sentence:
Are you hungry? Lunch will be served soon. - The first word of a direct quotation, except when the quotation is split:
I asked, “Do you really like bats?” “Yes,” said Holly, “they're so cute.” - The first word and all the key words in the title of a literary or other artistic work:
The Bluest Eye (novel) A Streetcar Named Desire (play) “The Road Not Taken” (poem) Starry Night (painting) “Only the Lonely” (song) - The names of ships, aircraft, and space vehicles:
USS Maine The Spirit of St. Louis space shuttle Challenger - The names of constellations, planets, and stars:
| Milky Way | Saturn | | the asteroid Juno | Little Dipper |
- The names of geologic eras, periods, epochs, and names of prehistoric divisions:
| Paleozoic Era | Pleistocene | | Quaternary Period | Stone Age |
- The genus but not the species name in binomial nomenclature:
Canis familiaris (dog) Malus pumila (apple tree)
Information Please® Database, © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. More on Capitalization from Infoplease:
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