Dalai Lama

Dalai Lama (däˈlĪ läˈmə) [key] [Tibetan,=oceanic teacher], title of the leader of Tibetan Buddhism. Believed like his predecessors to be the incarnation of the Bodhisattva Avalokiteshvara, the 14th Dalai Lama, Tenzin Gyatso, 1935–, was installed in 1940. In 1959, following a Tibetan revolt against Chinese rule (see Tibet), he fled into exile. He has traveled widely, pleading the Tibetan cause. Recipient of the 1989 Nobel Peace Prize, he wrote an autobiography, Freedom in Exile (1990). He stepped down as the political leader of the Tibetan government-in-exile in 2011.

See studies by P. Iyer (2008) and T. Johnson (2011).