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Bailey
The space enclosed within the external walls of a castle, not
including the “Keep.” The entrance was over a drawbridge, and through
the embattled gate (Middle-age Latin balium or ballium,
a corruption of vallum, a rampart).
When there were two courts to a castle, they were distinguished as
the outer and inner bailey (rampart). Subsequently the word included
the court and all its buildings; and when the court was abolished, the
term was attached to the castle, as the Old Bailey (London) and the
Bailey (Oxford).
Source: Dictionary of Phrase and Fable, E. Cobham Brewer, 1894 More on Bailey from Infoplease:
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