Hildesheim
[key], city, Lower Saxony, N central Germany. The city is an industrial
and transportation center. Its manufactures include stoves, radio and
television sets, and agricultural and dairy machinery. In 815, Emperor Louis
I made Hildesheim the seat of a bishopric; Hildesheim's bishops later became
territorial princes of the Holy Roman Empire. The city received a charter in
1249 and soon afterward joined the Hanseatic League. The bishopric was
secularized at the beginning of the 19th cent.; in 1813 it passed to
Hanover, and in 1866 it passed, with Hanover, to Prussia. Hildesheim owes
much of its architectural beauty to one of its early bishops, St. Bernward
(d. 1022). Almost all of Hildesheim's old buildings were badly damaged in
World War II, but many have been restored. Among the splendid buildings, all
Romanesque in style, are the cathedral (11th cent.), the Church of St.
Michael (11th–12th cent.), and the Church of St. Godehard (12th
cent.). The city contains a noted museum of ancient Egyptian and Greco-Roman
artifacts.
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