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valence

valence, combining capacity of an atom expressed as the number of single bonds the atom can form or the number of electrons an element gives up or accepts when reacting to form a compound. Atoms are called monovalent, divalent, trivalent, or tetravalent, according to whether they form one, two, three, or four bonds (see chemical bond).

Sections in this article:

Introduction
The Relationship of Electrons and Valence
Valence Number

The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2007, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved.

More on in chemistry valence from Infoplease:

valence, in chemistry: Valence Number - Valence Number Atoms are assigned numbers, called valence numbers, oxidation numbers, or oxidation ...

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