See biographies by P. R. L. Brown (1967. rev. ed. 2000), G. Wills (1999), and J. J. O'Donnell (2005); R. W. Battenhouse, ed., A Companion to the Study of St. Augustine (1955); R. A. Markus, Saeculum: History and Society in the Theology of St. Augustine (1970); E. Teselle, Augustine the Theologian (1970).