Borough, Stephen (bûr'ō, bŭ'rō) [key], 1525–84, English navigator. Under the direction of Richard Chancellor he was master of the Edward Bonaventure, the first ship to round (1553) North Cape and reach Russia by the arctic route, and the only ship to return safely from the expedition. Thereupon, Sebastian Cabot and others who had fostered the plan formed the Muscovy Company, establishing a profitable trade with Russia. Sailing again for that company, this time in the Searchthrift, Borough in a voyage of 1556–57 reached Novaya Zemlya and discovered the strait south of it leading to the Kara Sea.
