On early Netherlandish painting see studies by E. Panofsky (2 vol., 1953) and M. J. Friedländer (9 vol. in 10, tr. 1967). See also C. van Mander, Dutch and Flemish Painters (tr. 1936); J. Rosenberg et al., Dutch Art and Architecture: 1600 to 1800 (rev. ed. 1972); J. M. Nash, The Age of Rembrandt and Vermeer (1972); R. H. Fuchs, Dutch Painting (1978); L. Stone-Ferrier, Dutch Prints of Daily Life (1983); S. Alpers, The Art of Describing Dutch Art in the Seventeenth Century (1984); S. Slive, Dutch Painting 1600–1800 (1995).