Tom Waits released his first album,
Closing Time, in 1973. It was a set of bluesy ballads about love gone sour, and established his musical persona as a raspy-voiced, whiskey-soaked denizen of smoky places in the wee hours. His 1976 album
Small Change included the signature tunes "Invitation to the Blues" and the "The Piano Has Been Drinking," and subsequent albums earned him a cult following, if not a commercial hit. He turned to acting in the 1980s, working with
Francis Ford Coppola in
The Outsiders,
Rumblefish (both 1983) and
Bram Stoker's Dracula (1992). Waits was nominated for a 1983 Oscar for his soundtrack to
One From the Heart, and critical praise for his three albums
Swordfishtrombones (1983),
Rain Dogs (1985) and
Frank's Wild Years (1987) kept his musical momentum going. During the 1990s he acted in films, released albums and performed on stage, carving out his own little niche of avant garde music and urban drama of the beatnik-
noir variety. He co-starred with
Hank Azaria and
Janeane Garofalo in
Mystery Men (1999) and appeared in the independent flicks
Coffee and Cigarettes (2003) and
Wristcutters: A Love Story (2006).
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