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History and Government—Congressional Biographies—Massachusetts / New HampshireDaniel WEBSTER
(1782-1852)
Senate Years of Service:
1827-41; 1845-1850Party: Adams; Anti-Jacksonian;
WhigWEBSTER, Daniel, a
Representative from New Hampshire and a Representative and a
Senator from Massachusetts; born in Salisbury, N.H., January 18,
1782; attended district schools and Phillips Exeter Academy,
Exeter, N.H.; graduated from Dartmouth College, Hanover, N.H., in
1801; principal of an academy at Fryeburg, Maine, in 1802; studied
law; admitted to the bar in 1805 and commenced practice in
Boscawen, near Salisbury, N.H.; moved to Portsmouth, N.H., in 1807
and continued the practice of law; elected as a Federalist from New
Hampshire to the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Congresses (March 4,
1813-March 3, 1817); was not a candidate for reelection in 1816 to
the Fifteenth Congress; moved to Boston, Mass., in 1816; achieved
national fame as counsel representing Dartmouth College before the
United States Supreme Court in the Dartmouth College case
1816-1819; delegate to the Massachusetts State constitutional
convention in 1820; elected from Massachusetts to the Eighteenth,
Nineteenth, and Twentieth Congresses and served from March 4, 1823,
to May 30, 1827; chairman, Committee on the Judiciary (Eighteenth
and Nineteenth Congresses); elected as Adams (later
Anti-Jacksonian) on June 8, 1827, to the United States Senate for
the term beginning March 4, 1827, credentials presented on December
3, 1827, and took oath of office on December 17, 1827; reelected as
a Whig in 1833 and 1839 and served until his resignation, effective
February 22, 1841; chairman, Committee on Finance (Twenty-third and
Twenty-fourth Congresses); unsuccessful Whig candidate for
president in 1836; appointed Secretary of State by President
William Henry Harrison and again by President John Tyler and served
from 1841 to 1843; again elected as a Whig to the United States
Senate and served from March 4, 1845, to July 22, 1850, when he
resigned; appointed Secretary of State by President Millard
Fillmore and served from July 22, 1850, until his death in
Marshfield, Massachusetts., October 24, 1852; interment in the
Winslow Cemetery.
Bibliography
Dictionary of American Biography; The Yale Biographical
Dictionary of American Law; Remini, Robert. Daniel Webster:
The Man and His Time. New York: W.W. Norton, 1997; Baxter,
Maurice. One and Inseparable: Daniel Webster and the Union.
Cambridge, Mass.: Belknap Press of Harvard University, 1984;
Webster, Daniel. The Papers of Daniel Webster. Edited by
Charles Wiltse, Harold D. Moser, et al. 15 vols. Hanover, N.H.:
University Press of New England, 1974-1989.
Source: Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, 1771-Present
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