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History and Government—Congressional Biographies—AlabamaOscar Wilder UNDERWOOD
(1862-1929)
Senate Years of Service:
1915-1927Party: DemocratUNDERWOOD, Oscar Wilder,
(grandson of Joseph Rogers Underwood), a Representative and a
Senator from Alabama; born in Louisville, Jefferson County, Ky.,
May 6, 1862; attended the common schools, the Rugby School,
Louisville, Ky., and the University of Virginia at Charlottesville;
studied law; admitted to the bar in 1884 and commenced practice in
Birmingham, Ala.; presented credentials as a Democratic
Member-elect to the Fifty-fourth Congress and served from March 4,
1895, to June 9, 1896, when he was succeeded by Truman H. Aldrich,
who contested his election; elected as a Democrat to the
Fifty-fifth and to the eight succeeding Congresses (March 4,
1897-March 3, 1915); did not seek renomination in 1914, having
become a candidate for Senator; minority whip (Fifty-sixth
Congress); majority leader 1911-1915; chairman, Committee on Ways
and Means (Sixty-second and Sixty-third Congresses); unsuccessful
candidate for the Democratic presidential nomination in 1912 and
1924; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate in 1914;
reelected in 1920, and served from March 4, 1915, to March 3, 1927;
declined to be a candidate for reelection in 1926; minority leader
1920-1923; chairman, Committee on Cuban Relations (Sixty-fourth and
Sixty-fifth Congresses); represented the United States as a member
of the Conference on Limitation of Armament in 1921 and 1922;
represented the United States as a delegate to the Sixth
International Conference of American States at Havana, Cuba, in
1928; retired to his estate, ‘Woodlawn Mansion,’ near
Accotink, Fairfax County, Va., and engaged in literary pursuits
until his death there on January 25, 1929; interment in Woodlawn
Cemetery, Birmingham, Ala.
Bibliography
American National Biography; Dictionary of American
Biography; Johnson, Evans.Oscar W. Underwood: A Political
Biography. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1980;
Underwood, Oscar W. Drifting Sand of Party Politics. New
York: The Century Co., 1928.
Source: Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, 1771-Present
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