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History and Government—Congressional Biographies—South CarolinaSMALLS, Robert
(1839—1915)
SMALLS, Robert, a Representative from South Carolina; born in Beaufort, S.C., April 5, 1839; moved to Charleston, S.C., in 1851; appointed pilot in the United States Navy and served throughout the Civil War; member of the State constitutional convention in 1868; served in the State house of representatives, 1868-1870; member of the State senate 1870-1874; delegate to the Republican National Convention in 1872 and 1876; elected as a Republican to the Forty-fourth and Forty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1875-March 3, 1879); unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1878 to the Forty-sixth Congress; successfully contested the election of George D. Tillman to the Forty-seventh Congress and served from July 19, 1882, to March 3, 1883; unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1882; elected to the Forty-eighth Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Edmund W.M. Mackey; reelected to the Forty-ninth Congress and served from March 18, 1884, to March 3, 1887; unsuccessful for reelection in 1886 to the Fiftieth Congress; collector of the port of Beaufort, S.C., 1897-1913; died in Beaufort, S.C., February 22, 1915; interment in the Tabernacle Baptist Church Cemetery.
Bibliography
Uya, Okun Edet. From Slavery to Political Service: Robert Smalls, 1839-1915.
New York: Oxford University Press, 1971.
Alexander, Kitt, comp. Robert Smalls, 1839-1915: First African American Civil War hero, first African American captain of a vessel in the service of the United States, born into slavery, major general in the South Carolina Militia, state legislator, U.S. congressman
. [U.S.A.: K. Alexander, 1999?]
Anthony, Henry B. Integrity of Republican administration
. [Washington: N.p., 1876].
Cowley, Charles. The romance of history in “the Black County,” and the romance of war in the career of Gen. Robert Smalls, “the hero of the Planter.”
Lowell, Mass.: N.p., 1882.
Miller, Edward A., Jr. Gullah Statesman: Robert Smalls from Slavery to Congress, 1839-1915.
Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 1995
”Robert Smalls” in Black Americans in Congress, 1870-1989
. Prepared under the direction of the Commission on the Bicentenary by the Office of the Historian, U.S. House of Representatives. Washington: Government Printing Office, 1991.
Smalls, Robert. Contested election
. [Washington]: Judd & Detweiler, printers, [1878?]
———. Speeches at the Constitutional Convention. With the right of suffrage passed by the Constitutional Convention
. Compiled by Miss Sarah V. Smalls. Charleston, S.C.: Enquirer Print, 1896.
Sterling, Dorothy. Captain of the Planter; the story of Robert Smalls
. Illustrated by Ernest Crichlow. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1958.
Uya, Okon Edet. From Slavery to Political Service: Robert Smalls, 1839-1915
. New York: Oxford University Press, 1971.
Whipper, W. J. Fusionists and fusionism: Robert Smalls’ arraignment by the New York world, and other matters
. Beaufort, S.C.: N.p., 1889.
Source: Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, 1771-Present
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