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History and Government—Congressional Biographies—New YorkROOT, Elihu
(1845—1937)
Senate Years of Service:
1909-1915
Party:
Republican
ROOT, Elihu, a Senator from New York; born in Clinton, Oneida County, N.Y., February 15, 1845; attended the common schools; graduated from Hamilton College, Clinton, N.Y., in 1864; taught in the Rome (N.Y.) Academy in 1865; graduated from the law school of the University of the City of New York in 1867; admitted to the bar in the same year and commenced practice in New York City; United States attorney for the southern district of New York 1883-1885; delegate to the State constitutional convention in 1894; appointed Secretary of War by President William McKinley 1899-1904; appointed Secretary of State by President Theodore Roosevelt 1905-1909; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1909, to March 3, 1915; declined to be a candidate for reelection; chairman, Committee on Expenditures in the Department of State (Sixty-first Congress), Committee on Industrial Expositions (Sixty-second Congress); resumed the practice of law in New York City; author; president of the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace 1910-1925; awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for 1912; president of The Hague Tribunal of Arbitration between Great Britain, France, Spain, and Portugal, concerning church property, in 1913; president of the New York State constitutional convention in 1915; appointed by President Woodrow Wilson to be Ambassador Extraordinary at the head of a special diplomatic mission from the United States to Russia in 1917; Commissioner Plenipotentiary to the Conference on Limitation of Armament at Washington, D.C., 1921-1922; member of the Committee of International Jurists, which, on invitation of the Council of the League of Nations, reported the plan for a new Permanent Court of International Justice in 1921; died in New York City, February 7, 1937; interment in Hamilton College Cemetery, Clinton, N.Y.
Bibliography
American National Biography
; Dictionary of American Biography
; Jessup, Philip. Elihu Root
. 1938. Reprint. 2 vols. Hamden, Conn.: Archon Books, 1964; Leopold, Richard. Elihu Root and the Conservative Tradition
. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1954; Zimmerman, Warren. First Great Triumph: How Five Americans Made Their County a World Power
. New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 2002.
Bacon, Robert, and James Brown Scott, eds. Addresses on Government and Citizenship [by Elihu Root]
. 1916. Reprint. Freeport, NY: Books for Libraries Press, 1969.
___, eds. Addresses on International Subjects by Elihu Root
. 1916. Reprint. Freeport, NY: Books for Libraries Press, 1969.
___, eds. Latin America and the United States: Addresses by Elihu Root
. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1917.
___, eds. Men and Policies: Addresses [by Elihu Root]
. 1925. Reprint. Freeport, NY: Books for Libraries Press, 1968.
___, eds. The Military and Colonial Policy of the United States: Addresses and Reports [by Elihu Root]
. 1916. Reprint. New York: AMS Press, 1970.
___, eds. Miscellaneous Addresses [by Elihu Root]
. 1917. Reprint. Port Washington, NY: Kennikat Press, 1966.
Dubin, Martin David. “Elihu Root and the Advocacy of a League of Nations, 1914-1917.” Western Political Quarterly
19 (September 1966): 439-55.
Jessup, Philip Caryl. Elihu Root
. 2 vols. 1938. Reprint. Hamden, CT: Archon Books, 1964.
Leopold, Richard William. Elihu Root and the Conservative Tradition
. Boston: Little, Brown & Co., 1954.
Root, Grace Cogswell, comp. Fathers and Sons (1924-1937).
Clinton, NY: n.p., 1971.
Root, Elihu. The Citizen’s Part in Government and Experiments in Government and the Essentials of the Constitution
. New York: Arno Press, 1974. A reprint of 2 works, The Citizen’s Part in Government (1907) and Experiments in Government and the Essentials of the Constitution (1913).
___. “A Requisite for the Success of Popular Diplomacy.” Foreign Affairs
1 (September 15, 1922): 3-10.
___. The United States and the War, The Mission to Russia
. Edited by Robert Bacon and James Brown Scott. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1918.
Schambra, William Arthur. “Elihu Root, the Constitution, and the Election of 1912.” Ph.D. dissertation, Northern Illinois University, 1983.
Zimmerman, Warren. First Great Triumph: How Five Americans Made Their County a World Power
. New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 2002.
Source: Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, 1771-Present
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