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History and Government—Congressional Biographies—VirginiaJohn RANDOLPH
(1773-1833)
Senate Years of Service:
1825-1827Party: JacksonianRANDOLPH, John, (nephew of
Theodorick Bland and Thomas Tudor Tucker, half brother of Henry St.
George Tucker), a Representative and a Senator from Virginia; born
in Cawsons, Prince George County, Va., June 2, 1773; known as John
Randolph of Roanoke to distinguish him from kinsmen; studied under
private tutors, at private schools, the College of New Jersey (now
Princeton University), and Columbia College, New York City; studied
law in Philadelphia, Pa., but never practiced; engaged in several
duels; elected to the Sixth and to the six succeeding Congresses
(March 4, 1799-March 3, 1813); one of the managers appointed by the
House of Representatives in January 1804 to conduct the impeachment
proceedings against Judge John Pickering, and in December of the
same year against Supreme Court Justice Samuel; unsuccessful
candidate for election in 1812 to the Thirteenth Congress;
chairman, Committee on Ways and Means (Seventh through Ninth
Congresses); elected to the Fourteenth Congress (March 4,
1815-March 3, 1817); was not a candidate for reelection in 1816 to
the Fifteenth Congress; elected to the Sixteenth and to the three
succeeding Congresses and served from March 4, 1819, until his
resignation, effective December 26, 1825; appointed to the United
States Senate on December 8, 1825, to fill the vacancy in the term
beginning March 4, 1821, caused by the resignation of James
Barbour; served from December 26, 1825, to March 3, 1827;
unsuccessful candidate for reelection to the Senate in 1827;
elected to the Twentieth Congress (March 4, 1827-March 3, 1829);
was not a candidate for reelection to the Twenty-first Congress;
chairman, Committee on Ways and Means (Twentieth Congress); member
of the Virginia constitutional convention at Richmond in 1829;
appointed United States Minister to Russia by President Andrew
Jackson and served from May to September, 1830, when he resigned;
elected to the Twenty-third Congress and served from March 4, 1833,
until his death in Philadelphia, Pa., May 24, 1833; interment at
his residence, ‘Roanoke,’ in Charlotte County, Va.;
reinterment at ’Hollywood,’ Richmond, Va.
Bibliography
American National Biography; Dictionary of American
Biography; Adams, Henry. John Randolph. 1882. Reprint of
1898 ed. New York: Chelsea House, 1981; Dawidoff, Robert. The
Education of John Randolph. New York: W.W. Norton & Co.,
1979.
Source: Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, 1771-Present
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