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History and Government—Congressional Biographies—IllinoisJohn Alexander LOGAN
(1826-1886)
Senate Years of Service:
1871-1877; 1879-1886Party: Republican;
RepublicanLOGAN, John Alexander, a
Representative and a Senator from Illinois; born in Murphysboro,
Jackson County, Ill., on February 9, 1826; attended the common
schools and studied law; served in the war with Mexico as a
lieutenant; returned to Illinois; clerk of the Jackson County Court
1849; studied law; admitted to the bar in 1852, and practiced;
member, Illinois house of representatives 1852-1853, 1856-1857;
prosecuting attorney for the third judicial district of Illinois
1853-1857; presidential elector on the Democratic ticket in 1856;
elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-sixth and Thirty-seventh
Congresses and served from March 4, 1859, until April 2, 1862, when
he resigned and entered the Union Army; chairman, Committee on
Revisal and Unfinished Business (Thirty-sixth and Thirty-seventh
Congresses); during the Civil War was commissioned brigadier
general, and then major general of Volunteers, and served until
1865; elected as a Republican to the Fortieth, Forty-first, and
Forty-second Congresses and served from March 4, 1867, until his
resignation on March 3, 1871, at the end of the Forty-first
Congress, having been elected Senator; chairman, Committee on
Military Affairs (Forty-first Congress); one of the managers
appointed by the House of Representatives in 1868 to conduct the
impeachment proceedings against President Andrew Johnson; conceived
of the idea of Memorial Day and inaugurated the observance in May
1868; elected to the United States Senate as a Republican and
served from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1877; unsuccessful candidate
for reelection; chairman, Committee on Military Affairs
(Forty-third and Forty-fourth Congresses); resumed the practice of
law in Chicago; again elected to the United States Senate in 1879;
reelected in 1885, and served from March 4, 1879, until his death;
chairman, Committee on Military Affairs (Forty-seventh and
Forty-eighth Congresses); unsuccessful Republican nominee for Vice
President of the United States in 1884; died in Washington, D.C.,
December 26, 1886; lay in state in the Rotunda of the U.S. Capitol,
December 30-31, 1886; interment in a tomb in the National Cemetery,
Soldiers’ Home, Washington, D.C.
Bibliography
American National Biography; Dictionary of American
Biography; Jones, James P. John A. Logan: Stalwart
Republican From Illinois. Tallahassee: University of Florida
Press, 1982; U.S. Congress. Memorial Addresses. 49th Cong.,
2d sess., 1886-1887. Washington: Government Printing Office,
1887.
Source: Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, 1771-Present
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