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History and Government—Congressional Biographies—Tennessee / USAndrew JOHNSON
(1808-1875)
Senate Years of Service:
1857-1862; 1875-1875Party: Democrat; DemocratJOHNSON, Andrew,
(father-in-law of David Trotter Patterson), a Representative and a
Senator from Tennessee and a Vice President and 17th President of
the United States; born in Raleigh, N.C., on December 29, 1808;
self-educated; at the age of 13 was apprenticed to a tailor; moved
to Tennessee in 1826; employed as a tailor; alderman of
Greeneville, Tenn., 1828-1830; mayor of Greeneville 1834-1838;
member, State house of representatives 1835-1837, 1839-1841;
elected to the State senate in 1841; elected as a Democrat to the
Twenty-eighth and to the four succeeding Congresses (March 4,
1843-March 3, 1853); chairman, Committee on Public Expenditures
(Thirty-first and Thirty-second Congresses); did not seek
renomination, having become a gubernatorial candidate; Governor of
Tennessee 1853-1857; elected as a Democrat to the United States
Senate and served from October 8, 1857, to March 4, 1862, when he
resigned; chairman, Committee to Audit and Control the Contingent
Expenses (Thirty-sixth Congress), Committee on the District of
Columbia (Thirty-sixth Congress); appointed by President Abraham
Lincoln Military Governor of Tennessee in 1862; elected Vice
President of the United States on the Republican ticket with
Abraham Lincoln in 1864 and was inaugurated on March 4, 1865;
became President of the United States on April 15, 1865, upon the
death of Abraham Lincoln; wide differences arising between the
President and the Congress, a resolution for his impeachment passed
the House of Representatives on February 24, 1868; eleven articles
were set out in the resolution and the trial before the Senate
lasted three months, at the conclusion of which he was acquitted
(May 26, 1868) by a vote of thirty-five for conviction to nineteen
for acquittal, the necessary two-thirds vote for impeachment not
having been obtained; retired to his home in Tennessee upon the
expiration of the presidential term, March 3, 1869; unsuccessful
candidate for election to the United States Senate in 1869 and to
the House of Representatives in 1872; elected as a Democrat to the
United States Senate and served from March 4, 1875, until his death
near Elizabethton, Carter County, Tenn., July 31, 1875; interment
in the Andrew Johnson National Cemetery, Greeneville, Greene
County, Tenn.
Bibliography
American National Biography; Dictionary of American
Biography; The Yale Biographical Dictionary of American
Law; Trefousse, Hans L. Andrew Johnson: A Biography. New
York: W.W. Norton & Co., 1989; Johnson, Andrew. The Papers
of Andrew Johnson. Edited by LeRoy P. Graf, Ralph W. Haskins,
and Paul H. Bergeron. 11 vols. to date. Knoxville: University of
Tennessee Press, 1967- .
Source: Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, 1771-Present
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