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History and Government—Congressional Biographies—New YorkJohn JAY
(1745-1829)
JAY, John, a Delegate from
New York; born in New York City December 12, 1745; attended a
boarding school in New Rochelle, N.Y., and was graduated from
King’s College (now Columbia University) in 1764; studied
law; was admitted to the bar in 1768; served on the New York
committee of correspondence; Member of the Continental Congress
1774-1776 and 1778-1779; recalled some months in 1777 to aid in
forming the New York State constitution; appointed chief justice of
the State of New York in May 1777 but resigned December 1778 to
become President of the Continental Congress and served in that
capacity from December 10, 1778, to September 28, 1779; appointed
Minister Plenipotentiary to Spain September 27, 1779; appointed one
of the ministers to negotiate peace with Great Britain June 14,
1781, and signed the Treaty of Paris; appointed one of the
ministers to negotiate treaties with the European powers May 1,
1783; returned to New York in 1784; appointed Secretary of Foreign
Affairs July 1784, which position he held until the establishment
of the Federal Government in 1789; appointed the first Chief
Justice of the United States by President Washington September 26,
1789, and served until June 29, 1795, when he resigned;
unsuccessful Federal candidate for Governor of New York in 1792;
appointed Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to Great
Britain April 19, 1794, and served until April 8, 1795, still
retaining his position as Chief Justice of the United States;
Governor of New York 1795-1801; declined reelection and also a
reappointment as Chief Justice of the United States; retired to his
farm at Bedford, near New York City, where he died May 17, 1829;
interment in the family burying ground at Rye, N.Y.
Bibliography
Johnston, Henry P., ed. The Correspondence and Public Papers of
John Jay. New York: B. Franklin, 1970; Stahr, Walter. John
Jay: Founding Father. London: Hambledon Press, 2005.
Source: Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, 1771-Present
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