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History and Government—Congressional Biographies—PennsylvaniaST. CLAIR, Arthur
(1734—1818)
ST. CLAIR, Arthur, a Delegate from Pennsylvania; born in Thurso, Caithness, Scotland, March 23, 1734 (old style); attended the University of Edinburgh and studied medicine; purchased a commission as ensign in the Sixtieth Foot, May 13, 1757, and came to America; served under Gen. Amherst at the capture of Louisburg July 26, 1758, and under Gen. James Wolfe at Quebec in 1759; resigned April 16, 1762; settled in Ligonier Valley, Pa., in 1764, where he erected mills; surveyor of the district of Cumberland in 1770; justice of the court of quarter sessions and of common pleas; member of the proprietary council, justice, recorder, and clerk of the orphans’ court; prothonotary of Bedford and Westmoreland Counties; served in the Pennsylvania Militia and Continental Army during the Revolutionary War; was a member of the Pennsylvania council of censors in 1783; Member of the Continental Congress 1786-1787, and its President in 1787; appointed governor of the Northwest Territory upon its formation in 1789 and served until November 22, 1802; named commander of Federal Troops, March 4, 1791; returned to Ligonier Valley, Pa., and engaged in the iron business; died near his old home, “Hermitage,” near Youngstown, Pa., August 31, 1818; interment in General Arthur St. Clair Cemetery, Greensburg, Pa.
Bibliography
Smith, William H. The St. Clair Papers. The Life and Public Services of Arthur St. Clair, Soldier of the Revolutionary War; President of Continental Congress; The Governor of the Northwestern Territory; with his correspondence and other papers
. 1882. Reprint, New York: Da Capo Press, 1971.
Krull, Theresa Vinton Pierce. “The Bicentennial of Major General Arthur St. Clair.” Ohio Archaeological and Historical Quarterly
. (1934): 256-272.
Letter from Arthur St. Clair, Governor of the North-western Territory, on the Subject of a Division of the Said Territory; and The Petition of George Tevebaugh and Others, Inhabitants of Knox County, in the North-western Territory: Read the 14th. March 1800: Ordered to Lie on the Table
. Philadelphia: Printed by Zachariah Poulson, Junior, 1800.
An Oration, Delivered at Marietta: July 4, 1788 by the Hon. James M. Varnum, Esq., One of the Judges of the Western Territory. The Speech of His Excellency Arthur St. Clair, Esquire, Upon the Proclamation of the Commission Appointing Him Governor of Said Territory. And the Proceedings of the Inhabitants of the City of Marietta
. Newport, R.I.: Printed by Peter Edes, 1788.
Smith, William H. The St. Clair Papers. The Life and Public Services of Arthur St. Clair, Soldier of the Revolutionary War; President of Continental Congress; The Governor of the Northwestern Territory; with his correspondence and other papers
. 1882. Reprint, New York: Da Capo Press, 1971.
St. Clair, Arthur. A Narrative of the Manner in Which the Campaign Against the Indians, in the Year 1791, was Conducted, Under the Command of Major General St. Clair
. 1812. Reprint, [New York]: Arno Press, [1971].
———. The St. Clair Papers: The Life and Public Services of Arthur St. Clair: Soldier of the Revolutionary War, President of the Continental Congress; and Governor of the North-western Territory: With his Correspondence and Other Papers
. 1882. Reprint, New York: Da Capo Press, 1971.
Walsh, William Patrick. “The Defeat of Major General Arthur St. Clair, November 4, 1791: A Study of the Nation’s Response, 1791-1793.” Ph.D. diss., Loyola University of Chicago, 1977.
Willson, John. Arthur St. Clair and the Northwest Ordinance
. Editorial director, Joseph S. McNamara. Hillsdale, Mich.: Hillsdale College Press, 1993.
Source: Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, 1771-Present
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