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History and Government—Congressional Biographies—Ohio / USJames Abram GARFIELD
(1831-1881)
GARFIELD, James Abram, a
Representative from Ohio and 20th President of the United States;
born in Orange, Cuyahoga County, Ohio, November 19, 1831; attended
district school; driver and helmsman on the Ohio Canal; entered
Geauga Seminary, Chester, Ohio, in March 1849; attended the
Eclectic Institute, Hiram, Ohio, 1851-1854; graduated from Williams
College, Williamstown, Mass., 1858; teacher; professor of ancient
languages and literature in Hiram College, Hiram, Ohio; president
of Hiram College, Hiram, Ohio, 1857-1861; member of the Ohio state
senate 1859; lawyer, private practice; Union Army, Ohio Volunteer
Infantry 1861-1863; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-eighth
and to the eight succeeding Congresses; chair, Committee on
Military Affairs (Fortieth Congress); chair, Committee on Banking
and Currency (Forty-First Congress); chair, Committee on
Appropriations (Forty-Second and Forty-Third Congresses); member of
the Electoral Commission created by act of Congress approved
January 29, 1877, to decide the contests in various States in the
presidential election of 1876; elected to the United States Senate
on January 13, 1880, for the term beginning March 4, 1881, but
declined to accept having been elected President of the United
States on November 4, 1880; elected the twentieth President of the
United States in 1880 and served from March 4, 1881, until his
death on September 19, 1881, in Elberon, N.J., from the effects of
an assassin’s attack on July 2, 1881, in Washington, D.C.;
interment in Lake View Cemetery, Cleveland, Ohio.
Bibliography
Peskin, Allan. Garfield. Kent, Ohio: Kent State University
Press, 1978; Smith, Theodore Clarke. The Life and Letters of
James Abram Garfield. 2 vols. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University
Press, 1925.
Source: Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, 1771-Present
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