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History and Government—Congressional Biographies—OhioCHASE, Salmon Portland
(1808—1873)
Senate Years of Service:
1849-1855; 1861-1861
Party:
Free Soil; Republican
CHASE, Salmon Portland, (nephew of Dudley Chase, cousin of Dudley Chase Denison, and father-in-law of William Sprague [1830-1915]), a Senator from Ohio; born in Cornish, N.H., January 13, 1808; attended schools at Windsor, Vermont, Worthington, Ohio, and the Cincinnati (Ohio) College; graduated from Dartmouth College, Hanover, N.H., in 1826; taught school; studied law in Washington, D.C.; admitted to the bar in 1829; commenced practice in Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1830; elected as a Whig to the Cincinnati City Council in 1840; identified himself in 1841 with the Liberty Party, and later with the Free Soil Party; elected to the United States Senate as a Free Soil candidate and served from March 4, 1849, to March 3, 1855; elected Governor of Ohio in 1855 as a Free Soil Democrat and reelected in 1857 as a Republican; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate in 1860; took his seat March 4, 1861, but resigned two days later to become Secretary of the Treasury under President Abraham Lincoln; served as Secretary of the Treasury until July 1864, when he resigned; member of the peace convention of 1861 held in Washington, D.C., in an effort to devise means to prevent the impending war; Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court from December 1864 until his death on May 7, 1873; presided at the impeachment trial of President Andrew Johnson in 1868; died in New York City; interment in Oak Hill Cemetery, Washington, D.C.; reinterment in Spring Grove Cemetery, Cincinnati, Ohio.
Bibliography
American National Biography
; Dictionary of American Biography
; Blue, Frederick J. Salmon P. Chase: A Life in Politics
. Kent, Ohio: Kent State University Press, 1987; Niven, John. Salmon P. Chase: A Biography
. New York: Oxford University Press, 1995.
Baringer, William E. “The Politics of Abolition: Salmon P. Chase in Cincinnati.” Cincinnati Historical Society Bulletin
29 (Summer 1971): 79-99.
Blue, Frederick. “Salmon P. Chase, First Historian of the Old Northwest.” Ohio History
98 (Winter-Spring 1989): 52-69.
___. Salmon P. Chase: A Life In Politics
. Kent, OH: Kent State University Press, 1987.
___. “The Salmon P. Chase Papers: A Review Essay.” Civil War History
44 (December 1998): 285-88.
Chase, Salmon Portland, ed. The Statutes of Ohio and of the Northwestern Territory, Adopted or Enacted from 1788 to 1833 Inclusive: Together with the Ordinance of 1787; the Constitutions of Ohio and of the United States, and Various Public Instruments and Acts of Congress
. 3 vols. Cincinnati: Corey & Fairbank, 1833-1835.
Court, Susan J. “Salmon P. Chase and Abraham Lincoln.” Cincinnati Historical Society Bulletin
38 (Spring 1980): 251-60.
Diffley, Kathleen. “‘Erecting Anew the Standard of Freedom’: Salmon P. Chase’s ‘Appeal of the Independent Democrats’ and the Rise of the Republican Party.” Quarterly Journal of Speech
74 (November 1988): 401-15.
Dodson, Samuel H., comp. Diary and Correspondence of Salmon P. Chase
. 1903. Reprint. New York: Da Capo Press, 1971. Originally published in Annual Report of the American Historical Association for the Year 1902, vol. 2.
Donald, David, ed. Inside Lincoln’s Cabinet: The Civil War Diaries of Salmon P. Chase
. New York: Longmans, Green, 1954.
Gienapp, William E. “Salmon P. Chase, Nativism, and the Formation of the Republican Party in Ohio.” Ohio History
93 (Winter-Spring 1984): 5-39.
Gruber, Robert Henry. “Salmon P. Chase and the Politics of Reform.” Ph.D. dissertation, University of Maryland, 1969.
Hale, Frank W. “Salmon Portland Chase: Rhetorician of Abolition.” Negro History Bulletin
26 (February 1963): 165-68.
Hart, Albert Bushnell. Salmon P. Chase
. 1899. Reprint. New York: Chelsea House, 1980.
Johnson, Dick. “The Role of Salmon P. Chase in the Formation of the Republican Party.” Old Northwest
3 (March 1977): 23-38.
Jones, Francis R. “Salmon Portland Chase.” Green Bag
14 (April 1902): 155-65.
Kazarian, Richard, Jr. “Working Radicals: The Early Political Careers of William Seward, Thaddeus Stevens, Henry Wilson, Charles Sumner, Salmon P. Chase and Hannibal Hamlin.” Ph.D. dissertation, Brown University, 1981.
Luthin, Reinhard H. “Salmon P. Chase’s Career Before the Civil War.” Mississippi Valley Historical Review
29 (March 1943): 517-40.
Maizlish, Stephen E. “Salmon P. Chase: The Roots of Ambition and the Origins of Reform.” Journal of the Early Republic
18 (Spring 1998): 47-70.
Middleton, Stephen. Ohio and the Antislavery Activities of Attorney Salmon Portland Chase, 1830-1849
. New York: Garland Publishing, 1990.
Niven, John. Salmon P. Chase: A Biography
. New York: Oxford University Press, 1995.
___. “Salmon P. Chase and the Republican Conventions of 1856 and 1860: Bolingbroke or Sincere Reformer?” In A Crisis of Republicanism: American Politics in the Civil War Era
, edited by Lloyd E. Ambrosius, pp. 55-72. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1990.
Niven, John, James P. McClure, and Patrick Delana, eds. The Salmon P. Chase Papers
. Frederick, MD: University Publications of America, 1987. Microfilm. 43 reels and guide.
Niven, John, James P. McClure, and Leigh Johnsen, eds. The Salmon P. Chase Papers
. 5 vols. to date. Kent, OH: Kent State University Press, 1997-.
Palmer, Beverly Wilson, ed. “From Small Minority to Great Cause: Letters of Charles Sumner to Salmon P. Chase.” Ohio History
93 (Summer-Autumn 1984): 164-83.
Roseboom, Eugene H. “Salmon P. Chase and the Know Nothings.” Mississippi Valley Historical Review
25 (December 1938): 335-50.
Schuckers, Jacob W. The Life and Public Services of Salmon Portland Chase
. 1874. Reprint. New York: Da Capo Press, 1970.
Smith, Donnal V. Chase and Civil War Politics
. 1931. Reprint. Freeport, NY: Books for Libraries Press, 1972. Originally published in Ohio Historical Collections, vol. 2.
Warden, Robert Bruce. An Account of the Private Life and Public Services of Salmon Portland Chase
. Cincinnati: Wilstach, Baldwin & Co., 1874.
Source: Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, 1771-Present
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